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Should I Let My Teen Smoke Marijuana?

Explore the risks of teen marijuana use, its impact on brain development, and how to have open conversations with your child.

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Teen marijuana use is becoming more common, leaving many parents unsure about what to do. Studies show that about 8.3% of 8th graders and 29% of 12th graders reported using marijuana in the past year, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). While marijuana might seem harmless to some, it can affect the parts of the brain that control memory, decision-making, and self-control, especially in teens.1

Some parents think letting their teens use marijuana at home is safer than having them experiment elsewhere. But it’s important to think about the risks. Using marijuana regularly during the teen years can hurt their school performance, increase their chances of anxiety or depression, and even lead to addiction. 

If you think your teen is using marijuana or struggling with other substances, don’t wait to get help. Early support can make a big difference. Programs like Guardian Recovery’s teen substance use treatment are designed to meet teens’ unique needs and help them build a healthier future. Reach out today to learn how we can support you and your teen.

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Teen Brain Development & Vulnerability

The teenage brain is still developing, which makes it more sensitive to the effects of substances like marijuana. Key areas of the brain, including those responsible for memory, decision-making, and impulse control, continue to develop until around age 25. Marijuana use during adolescence can negatively impact the developing brain, potentially causing challenges with concentration, memory, and problem-solving. Studies suggest that teens who use marijuana often are more likely to experience mental health issues like anxiety, depression, and even psychosis later in life. Because the brain is more vulnerable during this time, teens are more likely to experience these harmful effects than adults.2

Another concern is how marijuana impacts motivation and emotional regulation in teens. Regular use can alter how the brain processes reward and pleasure, making everyday tasks less fulfilling. This change can lead to losing interest in school, hobbies, or social activities, affecting a teen’s future. 

It’s also important to note that marijuana use at a young age increases the likelihood of developing a substance use disorder later in life. Recognizing these risks can help parents make informed decisions and encourage open conversations about protecting a developing brain.

Impact of Early Cannabis Use on Teens

Teens who start using cannabis early may face changes in how they navigate their important developmental years, often without realizing it. Early marijuana use can alter brain development, affecting memory, stress response, and motivation. These changes may lead to struggles with schoolwork, friendships and a drop in confidence. 

Using cannabis at a young age can lead to risky choices by clouding judgment and reducing self-control. When parents understand these risks, they can have open, honest conversations with their teens and offer guidance to help them make safer, healthier decisions.

Health Implications on Your Teen

Marijuana use can have various short-term and long-term effects on a teen’s health. Here are some key concerns to consider:
  1. Impact on Brain Development: Since the brain is still maturing, marijuana can interfere with areas responsible for memory, learning, and focus, potentially leading to long-term cognitive challenges.
  2. Mental Health Risks: Regular use increases the likelihood of developing anxiety, depression, or even psychosis, especially for teens who may already be at risk.
  3. Respiratory Issues: Smoking marijuana can irritate the lungs, causing breathing problems like chronic cough or bronchitis.
  4. Weakened Motivation: Frequent use may lead to a lack of interest in school, hobbies, or social activities, affecting academic performance and future opportunities.
  5. Addiction Potential: Teens who use marijuana are more likely to develop a substance use disorder later in life compared to those who wait until adulthood. 3

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Legal & Safety Concerns to Consider

When it comes to your teen using marijuana, there are some important legal and safety concerns, including:4
  1. Legal Risks: In some areas, marijuana may be legal for adults but still illegal for teens. If your teen is caught with it, they could face fines or even get arrested, which could impact their future.
  2. Driving Dangers: Teens who use marijuana are more likely to be involved in vehicle accidents, as it can impair their coordination and reaction times, making driving especially risky. 
  3. Unregulated Products: As marijuana becomes more popular, there are more products that teens could come across, like edibles or vape pens. These can be tricky to use, and since they’re not always regulated, they can lead to unexpected reactions or even overdoses, which can be especially dangerous for younger users.
  4. Peer Pressure & Social Consequences: Teens may face pressure from friends to use marijuana, and giving in could affect their relationships, reputation, or standing in social circles.

Potential Parental Liability

Many parents don’t realize it, but they could be held responsible if their teen is caught using marijuana, especially if they give them access to it. In some areas, parents can face serious consequences, including fines or even losing custody if marijuana is found in their home. 

Even if you didn’t give your teen marijuana yourself, not taking steps to keep it away from them could still lead to trouble. It’s crucial to be aware of the laws in your area and have open conversations with your teen about the risks and consequences of using marijuana while underage.

Medical vs. Recreational Marijuana Use

Medical Marijuana Use: Medical marijuana is prescribed by a doctor to help with certain health conditions, like chronic pain, nausea from cancer treatments, and anxiety. It’s often taken in controlled amounts under the supervision of a healthcare provider. The goal is to treat symptoms or improve the quality of life for people dealing with serious health issues. Because it’s used for medical reasons, it’s typically more regulated and closely monitored to ensure it’s used safely.

Recreational Marijuana Use: Recreational marijuana, on the other hand, is used for fun or relaxation, not for treating a medical condition. It’s legal for adults 21 and older in some states, but doctors do not prescribe it. People can buy it from licensed dispensaries, but since it’s not always monitored as closely as medical marijuana, the effects can be harder to predict. Even if it’s legal in some areas, recreational use can still lead to problems like addiction or difficulty making good decisions, particularly for teens.

Can Marijuana Use Lead to Greater Drug Use?

Marijuana use, especially starting at a young age, can sometimes lead to trying other drugs. For some teens, using marijuana can make them more curious about other substances. This is often called the “gateway effect,” where using one drug may open the door to experimenting with others, like alcohol, prescription pills, or even harder drugs. While not everyone who uses marijuana will try other drugs, studies show that the earlier someone starts using it, the more likely they are to develop problems with other substances later on.

It’s also important to note that regular marijuana use can change how a person’s brain works. Over time, it can make it harder to make good decisions and recognize risks, which can increase the chances of trying more harmful drugs. Parents can help by talking openly with their teens about the risks of drug use and setting clear boundaries to keep them safe.

Long-term Implications of Early Substance Use

When teens start using substances like marijuana early, it can have long-lasting effects on their lives. Some of the possible consequences include:5
  • Brain Changes: Early use can affect how a teen’s brain develops, especially regarding learning and memory. This can make it harder to do well in school or succeed in a career later.
  • Mental Health Risks: Teens who use substances at a young age are more likely to experience mental health struggles, like anxiety, depression, or even more serious conditions. These problems can stick around into adulthood.
  • Increased Risk of Addiction: Starting young can make it easier for someone to become addicted. Addiction can affect all areas of life, from relationships to career goals.
  • Poor Judgment: Early substance use can affect how teens make decisions. It can lead to risky behaviors like driving under the influence, engaging in unsafe activities, or making bad choices without thinking about the consequences.
  • Strained Relationships: Teen substance use can make it hard to keep strong relationships with family, friends, and partners. Trust and communication can be damaged, making it harder to connect with others. 

Effective Communication & Setting Boundaries

As a parent, it’s important to have honest talks with your teen about marijuana to keep them safe and informed. Here are some easy tips for these conversations and setting boundaries:
  • Be Honest and Nonjudgmental. Begin by having an open conversation about marijuana, including its pros and cons.
  • Show Your Teen You Care. Avoid making your teen feel ashamed or defensive about their choices. Approach the conversation with empathy and understanding.
  • Listen Actively: It’s just as important to listen as it is to talk. Ask your teen about their thoughts, questions, and experiences with marijuana. This shows that you respect their point of view and opens the door for honest communication.
  • Set Clear Expectations: Be clear about your boundaries when it comes to marijuana use. Let your teen know that underage use is not acceptable in your household, and explain why. Set consistent consequences for breaking the rules, and ensure they know you will follow through if needed.
  • Give Support & Alternatives: Instead of just saying “no,” explain why staying away from marijuana is better for their health. Suggest other activities, such as sports, hobbies, or new interests that don’t involve substances. Showing interest in what they enjoy can help them make better choices.
  • Stay Connected: Keep the conversation going with your teen. As they age, their friends and situations will change, so it’s important to offer guidance and be someone they feel comfortable talking to when they have questions or concerns.

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At Guardian Recovery, we understand the unique challenges that come with teen marijuana use. Our specialized teen addiction programs are designed to support your teen and your family through every step of the healing process. From our comprehensive outpatient services to our tailored counseling and family therapy, we focus on addressing the root causes of substance use while helping your teen develop the skills and mindset needed for lasting recovery.

We offer a range of evidence-based therapies, including individual counseling, group therapy, and family support programs. Our team of experienced professionals works closely with teens and their families to foster communication, strengthen relationships, and create a foundation for long-term success. If you’re ready to take the next step in your teen’s recovery, contact us today to learn how we can support you through this journey.

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Disclaimer: Does not guarantee specific treatment outcomes, as individual results may vary. Our services are not a substitute for professional medical advice or diagnosis; please consult a qualified healthcare provider for such matters.

  1. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2023). Reported drug use among adolescents continued to hold below pre-pandemic levels in 2023.
  2. Jacobus J, Tapert SF. Effects of cannabis on the adolescent brain. Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20(13):2186-93. doi: 10.2174/13816128113199990426. PMID: 23829363; PMCID: PMC3930618.
  3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Cannabis and Teens. 
  4. Hopfer C. Implications of marijuana legalization for adolescent substance use. Subst Abus. 2014;35(4):331-5. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2014.943386. PMID: 25127003; PMCID: PMC4308295. 
  5. Green KM, Doherty EE, Ensminger ME. Long-term consequences of adolescent cannabis use: Examining intermediary processes. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2017 Sep;43(5):567-575. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2016.1258706. Epub 2016 Dec 8. PMID: 27929672; PMCID: PMC5784846.

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Reviewed professionally for accuracy by:

Ryan Soave

L.M.H.C.

Ryan Soave brings deep experience as a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, certified trauma therapist, program developer, and research consultant for Huberman Lab at Stanford University Department of Neurobiology. Post-graduation from Wake Forest University, Ryan quickly discovered his acumen for the business world. After almost a decade of successful entrepreneurship and world traveling, he encountered a wave of personal and spiritual challenges; he felt a calling for something more. Ryan returned to school and completed his Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling. When he started working with those suffering from addiction and PTSD, he found his passion. He has never looked back.

Written by:

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Katie Phillips

Katie Phillips is a licensed clinical social worker with supervisory distinction. She received her bachelor’s degree in psychology and master’s degree in social work from The Ohio State University. Katie has worked with children, adolescents, adults, and families for 21 years and specializes in treating individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, and grief. Katie is a certified EMDR and Neurofeedback clinician. Her passion is to help individuals learn more about mental health and wellness. In addition to working in private practice, she enjoys writing in order to validate individuals in therapy, normalize mental health and addiction recovery, and provide individuals with helpful mental health tools.

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